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Kythnos or Thermia is situated between the two Aegean islands Kea and Serifos at a distance of 52 nautical miles from Piiraeus. Ordinary liners cover this distance in 3 hours and just two hours from the port of Laurio. Kythnos is 99 km2 in extend and has approximately 1500 inhabiitants. It was probably named after its founder Kythnos, whose existence is how ever doubtful. Its name (of Dryopic or Phoenician origin) may also derive from the stem "kith" - which in turn derives from the ancient Greek verb "kentho" meaning "hide" (the ancient Greek word "kefthmon" means "a dark, deep place where one can disappear"). The latter version of the name's origin refers to some natural properties of the island during the early antiquity (shadowy woods, deep valleys, caves and even mines). Archaeological and anthropological finds have shown that the island was already inhabited by the 8th millennium B.C. Recent paleontological finds at the place Maroulas, near the region called Loutra, brought to light traces of four graves of the Mesolithic Period, which prove that this island was probably the oldest in Cyclades to be inhabited by men. What has also been recorded is the existence at the place Skouries of approximately 20 round constructions of slate, including mining furnaces, as well as the existence of a copper-mine of the protocycladic period at Cape Tzouli. The first inhabitants were most probably Greek - Pelasgeans, while in the Persian times they were Dryops. The cyclopean walls and the temples they have left behind are of great significance. The ones to settle at the island after the Dryops were Ions. Later on, Aristotle refers to the Kinthean State and considers it ideal. In the Roman times the island became part of the province of Achaia and then the Byzantines included it in the "Aegean Theme". In 1207 A.C. the Venetian nobleman Markos Sanoudos imposes the Frankish rule on the island. In 1292 AC. Thermia (which was the new name given to the island in the Middle Ages due to its springs that well out hot water) is ransacked by the Aragonean admiral; in 1537 it is occupied by the Russians, while in 1827 the island regains its ancient name – Kythnos and takes part in the Greek war for freedom against the Turks. In 1862, the rebels who came from the island of Syros on the ship "Karteria" (the name meaning "fortitude" in G reek) clashed at the bay of Loutra with the military forces, which had remained loyal to the Greek king Otto and had arrived at the island on the ship "Amalia". During the clash the royalists overrode their opponents and, as a result, the fighters Leotsakos, Moraitinis and Skarvelis had a horrible death. These events took their place in modern Greek history and were called "Kythniaka" (meaning "the events of Kythnos"). Nowadays, at the bay of Aghia Irini, near Loutra, a plain marble slab with the names of the fighters killed at the clash is reminiscent of those first defenders of democracy in the country. kythnos island kithnos greece greek islands cyclades travel information tourist info travel services, shopping services, sports recreation, entertainment, dining, accommodation , aegean islands

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