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Kos Island Dedecanese Kos town has been the island's capital and harbour since 366 BC. It has a population of 12,500 inhabitants. It is a very pretty town with spacious streets and picturesque houses with well kept gardens. It is called by some, "Town of the Bicycles", since the bicycle is the main means of transportation. There are specially designed roads for bicycles. Inside and outside of the town, there is a plethora of places one can visit. Among theme are the ruins of the ancient city on the waterfront, the imposing Castle of the Knights at the entrance of the city, the Asklepeio, which is the island's most significant monument, the famous plane tree of Hippocrates, the Mosque of Gazi Hasan, and the Archaeological Museum. Of particular note is the beautiful church of Agios Ioan-nis, nestled on an idyllic spot of plane trees. The town has a very good market place, restaurants, modern hotels, and recreation centres. It provides all the necessary comforts to tourists. Kardamena is located in the south side of the island. It is one of the most touristically developed areas in the island. It offers excellent beaches and many sites. The beach is 6km long while you can visit the ruins of the castle of Agios Ioannis of Jerusalem, the ruins of the Old city of Alassarna located south of Kardamena, as well as the ruins of the Old Christian temple of Vassiliki of Agias Theotitos, one of the biggest in the island. The picturesque settlement of Kefalos is set 43 km southwest of the island's capital. Its quaint houses are perched on the hillside at the far end of a natural bay with tiny islets. Before 412-413 BC, it was the site of the island's capital, "Astipalaia". Unfortunately, most of the area was destroyed by earthquakes. Only ruins of the harbour, the Asklepeio, and the Hellenistic theater in the site "Palatia" still stand. From Kefalos, one can visit the churches of Panagia Palatiani and Panagia Ziniotissa, the cave Aspri Petra, the monastery of Agios Ioannis and the remains of the basilica of Agios Stephanos at Kambos. Situated south from the city of Kos, inside a park full of cypress trees is Asclipiio. Excavations were first begun here in 1902, by Iakovos Zaraftis of Ko and Hertsok from Germany. In ancient times it operated as a hospital and was dedicated to Asclipiio, son of Apollo, protector of health and medicine. Many noteworthy people studied and worked here, one being the father of medicine Hippocrates. Due to the gradient of the ground, Asclipiio is made up of four levels known as andira. On the first andira was the medical school and the museum of anatomy and pathology. On the second was the altar dedicated to Cyparissio Apollon. Next to it in a small arcade were erectd the famous statues of Hygia and Apionis. The third andira from which sulphur and iron springs gushed was also the largest. The picturesque village of Pili, is situated in the centre of the island, 300 m. up mount Dikaios, is 15 km from the city. In 1830, the locals abandoned the old village of Pili after a plague epidemic and settled down at the current village. The beautiful square of Pili is decorated with a fountain. Most of the houses are traditionally built with stone. In the centre of the village, visitors can admire the churches of Profitis Elias and Analipsi. The Monastery of the Virgin Mary with its beautiful frescoes, built by St Christodoulos is also located here. |
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